Scientists Reveal Structure Of New Botulism Nerve Toxin Subtype Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have determined the atomic-level structure of a third subtype of botulinum neurotoxin - a deadly toxin produced by certain bacteria that causes the disease botulism, and is also used in cosmetic and therapeutic applications such as reducing wrinkles and calming a hyperactive bladder.
New Book Focuses On Counter-TerrorismThe scourge of modern terrorism can be tackled more effectively by understanding how and why certain individuals give up their violent ways, according to a counter-terrorism expert who says information gleaned from ex-terrorists could provide clues to checking the growth of militant organizations. "Individuals do not necessarily join extremist groups because they hold extremist views," said John Horgan, director of Penn State's International Center for the Study of Terrorism.
Novel Histone Demethylase Protein Complex Discovered By Researchers At Stowers Institute's Workman LabThe Stowers Institute's Workman Lab has discovered a novel histone demethylase protein complex characterized in work published in Molecular Cell. The Histone H3 protein is an important component of chromatin, the packing material wrapping up chromosomal DNA and preventing unwanted transcription of the message encoded in the DNA. Histone H3 can be altered by adding (methylating) or removing (demethylating) methyl groups from the histone protein.
New Study Indicates Smallpox Vaccination Effective For DecadesAlthough naturally occurring smallpox was eradicated in 1977, there is concern that bioterrorists might obtain smallpox from a laboratory and release it into the population. Under such circumstances, the supply of smallpox vaccine may be insufficient for universal administration.
UT Southwestern Researchers Develop New Strategy For Broad Spectrum Anti-Viral DrugsBavituximab, an anti-viral drug developed by UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers, shows promise as a new strategy to fight viral diseases, including potential bioterrorism agents. In a study appearing in the December issue of Nature Medicine, groups of guinea pigs infected with a virus similar to Lassa fever virus recovered from the fatal disease when treated with bavituximab alone or in combination with a common anti-viral medication.
Final World Trade Center 7 Investigation Report Released By NISTThe National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has released its final report on the Sept. 11, 2001, collapse of the 47-story World Trade Center building 7 (WTC 7) in New York City. The final report is strengthened by clarifications and supplemental text suggested by organizations and individuals worldwide in response to the draft WTC 7 report, released for public comment on Aug.
Investigations Following A Death From AnthraxFollowing the announcement of the death of a patient from inhalation anthrax the Health Protection Agency have been carrying out testing at the patient's workshop in Hackney, where animal skin drums were made. Testing was carried out to see whether there were traces of anthrax at the property and if any specialist cleaning was needed before it could be used again.
"Powerhouses" From Living Cells Power New Explosives Detector - Journal Of The American Chemical SocietyResearchers in Missouri have borrowed the technology that living cells use to produce energy to develop a tiny, self-powered sensor for rapid detection of hidden explosives. The experimental sensor, about the size of a postage stamp, represents the first of its kind to be powered by mitochondria, the microscopic "powerhouses" that provide energy to living cells, the researchers say. Their study is scheduled for the November 26 issue of the weekly Journal of the American Chemical Society.
Molecule That Stops SARS Invented By Purdue Researcher A Purdue University researcher has created a compound that prevents replication of the virus that causes SARS and could lead to a treatment for the disease. "The outbreak of SARS in 2003 led to hundreds of deaths and thousands of illnesses, and there is currently no treatment," said Arun Ghosh, the Purdue professor that led the molecular design team. "Although it is not currently a threat, there is the concern that SARS could return or be used as a biological weapon.